教师招聘备考资料之英语基本语法——句子的结构分类

2015教师招考

句子的结构分类
英语句子按照其结构可分为简单句，并列句和复合句。
1. 简单句
只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语动词(或并列谓语动词)的句子称为简单句。
Successful learners are learners with a purpose.
He stopped the car and waited for the red light to change to green.
Voices and music have been added to color and pictures to catch the ear as well as the eye.
2. 并列句
两个或者两个以上的简单句等立连词(或用分号“;” 冒号“：”逗号“，”等)连在一起的句子。常用的等立连词包括and, so , not only, but also, neither or, or, otherwise, either or, but, yet, still, however, while, whereas, for.
She can’t read, neither can she write.
Sometimes I laugh, sometimes I am down.
Some people waste food while others haven’t enough.
The light was red, so I had to stop my car.
3. 复合句
由一个主句和一个或一个以上从句所构成的句子结构叫复合句，也叫主从复合句。从句由关联词引导，关联词将从句与主句联系在一起。根据其在复合句中的作用，从句可分为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和定语从句和状语从句。现分述如下：
We move our heads from side to side when we want to say “no”.
(关联词when引导状语从句)
The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject.
(关联词what引导宾语从句)
Most adults who are learning a foreign language would disagree with the statement.
(关联词who引导定语从句)
The reason for their success is that they can learn from their mistakes.
(关联词that引导表语从句)
Who will chair the meeting is of interest to many of them.
(关联词who引导主语从句)